Pinus resinosa

Pinus resinosa

·        INTRODUCTION

Pinus resinosa, referred to as red pineor Norway pine, may be a pine native to North America. It happens from Newfoundland west to Manitoba, and south to Pennsylvania, with many smaller, disjunct populations occurring within the Appalachian Mountains in Virginia and Mountain State, as well as a few little pockets in extreme northern New Jersey and northern Illinois.

The red pine is that the state tree of Minnesota.

·        Description

Red pine may be a cone-bearing evergreen tree characterized by tall, straight growth in a variety of habitats. It usually ranges from 20–35 m (66–115 ft) in height and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in trunk diameter, exceptionally reaching 43.77 m (143 ft 7 in) tall.The crown is conical, becoming a narrow-rounded dome with age. The bark is thick and gray-brown at the bottom of the tree, but thin, flaky and bright orange-red in the upper crown; the tree's name derives from this distinctive character. Some red color could also be seen within the fissures of the bark. The species is self-pruning; there tend to not be dead branches on the trees, and older trees may have very long lengths of branchless trunk below the canopy.

The leaves are needle-like, dark yellow-green, in fascicles of two,12–18 cm (4 3⁄4–7 in) long, and brittle. The leaves snap cleanly once bent; this character, stated as diagnostic for red pine in some texts, is however shared by several other pine species. The cones are symmetrical ovoid, 4–6 cm (1 1⁄2–2 1⁄4 in) long by 2.5 cm (1 in) broad, and purple before maturity, ripening to nut-blue and opening to 4–5 cm (1 1⁄2–2 in) broad, the scales without a prickle and almost stalkless.

Red pine is notable for its terribly constant morphology and low genetic variation throughout its vary, suggesting it has been through a near extinction in its recent evolutionary history.A genetic study of nuclear microsatellite polymorphisms among populations distributed throughout its natural range found that red pine populations from Newfoundland are genetically distinct from most mainland populations, consistent with dispersal from completely different glacial refugia during this extremely pollenation species.

·        Ecology

It is impatient shade, but does well in windy sites; it grows best in well-drained soil. It is a durable tree, reaching a maximum age of about 500 years.The wood is commercially valuable in forestry for timber and paper pulp, and the tree is also used for landscaping.

Red pine facts for kids

The Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) may be a pine native to northeastern North America. The Red Pine grows within the space from Newfoundland west to southeast Manitoba, and south to northern Illinois and Pennsylvania, with alittle far population within the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia. In the Upper Midwest of the United States it is sometimes known by the confusing name Norway Pine even though it is not native to Norway. It is the state tree of Minnesota.

·        Red Pine Needle Structure

·        Abstract

READERS of the recent article by Kozlowski and Clausen1 on the anatomical responses of the needles of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) to herbicides may have been confused by the extreme variations in needle structure which these authors described and illustrated. Kozlowski and Clausen attributed many of the anatomical differences between “needles” shown in their Fig. 1 to the effects of various herbicides applied to the soil in which the seedlings were grown. From what is known of the leaf structure of pine seedlings2, however, we concluded that they had illustrated and described three different kinds of foliar appendages of red pine. Their Fig. 1A, a transection of a “needle” from a non-treated seedling, seems to be a primary leaf, as is Fig. 1D from a treated plant. Their Figs. 1B, C and E are cotyledons, and F resembles a shrivelled secondary leaf.

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